IS.AISHARIYA ixoxa ngokugxuma kwezindwangu zobuchwepheshe, izinto ezintsha zakamuva kanye namandla azo akhulayo emakethe yemakethe emkhakheni wezemfashini kanye nezingubo.
Uhambo lwendwangu yezindwangu
1. Izicucu zezizukulwane zesizukulwane sokuqala yilezo ezitholwe ngokuqondile emuntwini nokuthi inkathi yathatha iminyaka engama-4,000. Isizukulwane sesibili sabandakanya imicu eyenziwe ngabantu njengeNyylon ne-Polyester, okwakungumphumela wemizamo ethathwe ngamakhemikhali ngo-1950, ukuvela ngezinto zokwakha ezifana. Isizukulwane sesithathu sifaka imicu emithonjeni yemvelo esetshenziswa ngaphansi kwezimali ezisetshenziswayo ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zabantu abakhulayo. Lezi akuzona nje ezinye izindlela noma ukwengeza kumicu yemvelo ekhona, kepha kukholakala ukuthi zinezici ezihlukile ezingasiza ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zohlelo lokusebenza. Njengomphumela wamashifu embonini yezindwangu, umkhakha wezindwangu wezobuchwepheshe ukhula kwezomnotho othuthukile ngohlelo lokusebenza emikhakheni ehlukahlukene
2. Ngesikhathi seminyaka yezimboni kusukela ngo-1775 kuya ku-1850, ukukhishwa kwemvelo kwe-fiber nokukhiqizwa kwakusezingeni eliphakeme. Isikhathi esiphakathi kuka-1870 no-1980 sabeka isibonelo sokuhlola okwenziwe nge-fiber ekugcineni kwegama elithi igama elithi 'izindwangu zobuchwepheshe' lakhiwe. Ngemuva kweminyaka eyishumi, izinto ezintsha, kufaka phakathi izinto eziguqukayo, izakhiwo ezinesisindo esincane, ukubumba kwe-3D, kwavela emkhakheni wezindwangu ezihlakaniphile. Ikhulu lamashumi amabili limaka le minyaka yolwazi lapho amasudi wesikhala, amarobhothi, izindwangu zokuzihlanza, iphaneli electrollorinescence, izindwangu ze-chamelec, izingubo zokuqashwa komzimba ziphumelela kwezentengiso.
3. Ama-polymers okwenziwa anokusebenza okukhulu okukhona futhi okuningana okungaphazamisa imicu yemvelo. Isibonelo, ama-bio-polymers asuselwa ku-corn asetshenziswe kakhulu ekwakheni imicu ephezulu yezobuchwepheshe ngokusebenza okuphezulu nokusebenza kuma-diaperbradable and flusheble. Amasu athuthukile athuthukile alwenzile ukuthi kube nemicibisholo engenzeka ecwilisa emanzini, ngaleyo ndlela anciphise ukulahla amapayipi okuthuthwa kwendle. Amaphakethe aqinile aklanyelwe ukuze labo abe ngamaphesenti ayi-100 amaphesenti wezinto zemvelo ezingonakalisiwe. Lolu cwaningo luthuthukise nakanjani ikhwalithi yempilo.
Ukushicilelwa kwamanje
Izindwangu ezijwayelekile ziyizinto zokwenziwa noma zokwenziwa ezisetshenziswayo ezisuselwa kwimiphumela yokuhlolwa. Ngokuphambene, izindwangu zobuchwepheshe zakhiwa ngokususelwa kwizicelo zomsebenzisi. Izicelo zabo zibandakanya amasudi esikhala, izinso zezinso, izinambuzane - izinambuzane - ukwakhiwa kwemigwaqo, izikhwama ukuvikela izithelo ukuthi zidliwe izinyoni nezinto ezisebenza ngempumelelo zamanzi.
Amagatsha ahlukene ezindwangu zobuchwepheshe afaka izingubo zokugqoka, ukupakisha, ezemidlalo kanye nokuzilibazisa, ezokwelapha kanye nenhlanzeko, izindwangu zezimboni, ezingekho emthethweni, ezokwakha, izindwangu ze-agro-textiles.
Ukuqhathanisa ukuthambekela kokusebenzisa umhlaba wonke, i-India inengxenye yamaphesenti angama-35 ezitsheni zezicelo ezisebenzayo zezicelo (i-packtech), namaphesenti ayi-8 kwezindwangu zemidlalo (i-Sportech). Okuphumule ama-akhawunti angama-36. Kepha emhlabeni wonke umkhakha oholayo yizindwangu ezisetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezimoto, izitimela, imikhumbi, izindiza kanye ne-spacecraft (i-mobiltech), elingamaphesenti angama-15 ngamaphesenti ayi-16, nazo zonke ezinye izinkambu ezibandakanya amaphesenti angama-15. Imikhiqizo engakhuphula imboni ifaka i-webbing yamabhande esihlalo, ama-diapers kanye nokulahlwa kwama-geootellits, izindwangu zokugcina umlilo, okokugqoka, izihlungi, izihlungi, izihlungi kanye nezimpawu.
Amandla amakhulu eNdiya yinethiwekhi yawo enkulu yensiza kanye nemakethe yasekhaya eqinile. Imboni yezindwangu yaseNdiya iye yakhuphuka emandleni amakhulu emikhakha yezobuchwepheshe neyokungalukiwe. Ukuxhaswa kukahulumeni okuqinile ngezinqubomgomo, ukwethulwa kwemithetho efanele kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezivivinyo ezifanele namazinga angenza umthelela omuhle kulokhu kukhula komkhakha. Ukudinga okuphambili kwehora yilokho kwabasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe kakhulu. Kufanele kube nezinhlelo eziningi zokuqeqesha abasebenzi futhi ziqale izikhungo zokuzihlola kokuhlolwa kwaLab-to-Land.
Iminikelo ebalulekile yezinhlangano ezicwaningayo ezweni iyancomeka kakhulu. Kubandakanya i-Ahmedabad Textile Induna Yokucwaninga Inhlangano (i-Atira), inhlangano yeBombay Textile Research Association (i-SITRA), inhlangano yaseNdiya Texteansile Research Association (NITRA), inhlangano yocwaningo lwezokwenziwa kanye ne-Art Silk Mills 'kanye ne-Manttra). Amapaki endwangu amathathu amathathu ahlanganisiwe, ahlanganisa amahlanu eTamil Nadu, amane e-Andhra Pradesh, abayisithupha e-Uttarthat, eWest e-Uttar, kufanele basebenze ngokubumbana ukuze balethe lonke upawu lokunikezela ngaphansi kophahla olulodwa.4,5
I-GEO-Textiles
Izindwangu ezisetshenziselwa ukumboza umhlaba noma phansi zihlukaniswe njenge-geootellits. Izindwangu ezinjalo zisetshenziswa namuhla zokwakhiwa kwezindlu, amabhuloho, amadamu kanye nezikhumbuzo ezandisa impilo yazo. [6]
Izindwangu ezipholile
Izindwangu zobuchwepheshe ezakhiwa yi-Adidas zisiza ekulondolozeni izinga lokushisa lomzimba elijwayelekile kuma-degree angama-37 C. Izibonelo amalebula afana ne-ClilA 365, Climalite, Climalite Esebenzisa Le nhloso. I-ElextCextEx iqukethe ukugcwala kwezendlalelo ezinhlanu zokwenza kanye nokufaka izindwangu ezifaka izindwangu ekwakheni yonke inzwa yendwangu (1 cm2 noma 1 mm2). Kuqinisekiswe yi-Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) futhi ingahanjiswa, igoqwe futhi igezwe. Lokhu kunezilinganiso ezinkulu ezifundeni zemidlalo.
I-Biomimetics
I-Biomimetics ukuklanywa kwezinto ezintsha ze-fiber, amasistimu noma imishini ngokutadisha izinqubo zokuphila, ukufunda ezimweni zazo ezisebenzayo eziphakeme futhi zisebenzise lezo zokwakheka kwamangqamuzana nangokwezinto ezibonakalayo. Isibonelo, mbumbulu yokuthi uLotus Fleel uziphatha kanjani ngamaconsi amanzi; Ingaphezulu linokhahlo ngokwe-microscopically futhi limbozwe ukuhlanganiswa kwento efana ne-wax efana nengxabano ephansi engaphezulu.
Lapho amanzi ewela ebusweni beqabunga, umoya oboshwe wenza umngcele wamanzi. I-angle yokuxhumana yamanzi inkulu ngenxa yento efana ne-wax efana. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinto ezinjengokwethulwa komhlaba nazo zithinta ubuphangi. Isikhombi sokuphawula kwamanzi ukuthi i-angle yokugoqa kufanele ibe ngaphansi kwezinga eli-10. Lo mbono uthathiwe futhi uphinde wabuyiselwa njengendwangu. Izinto ezingaba khona zinganciphisa umzamo kwezemidlalo njengokubhukuda.
Ama-Vivometric
Ama-elekthronikhi ahlanganiswe ezimbonisweni angafunda izimo zomzimba njengokushaya kwenhliziyo, umfutho wegazi, amakhalori ashisiwe, isikhathi sethanga, izinyathelo ezithathiwe namazinga we-oxygen. Lona ngumqondo ngemuva kweVivometric, ebizwa nangokuthi izembatho zokuqapha umzimba (BMG). Kungasindisa impilo yosuku olusha noma lomdlalo.
Impilo yomkhiqizo inciphise imakethe ngokuqapha kwayo komzimba okusebenzayo. Isebenza njenge-ambulensi yendwangu ekuhlaziyeni nasekuguquleni usizo. Uhlobo olubanzi lwe-Cardio-pulmonary imininingwane eqoqiwe ngokususelwa emsebenzini we-cardiac, ukuma, amarekhodi omsebenzi kanye nomfutho wegazi, umoya-mpilo kanye namazinga wekhabhoni dioxide, izinga lokushisa lomzimba kanye nokunyakaza. Kusebenza njengokusungulwa okukhulu emkhakheni wezemidlalo kanye nezindwangu zezokwelapha.
Izindwangu ezifuywayo
Ingaphezulu eliguqula umbala le-chameleon liyabonakala futhi livulwa ngezinto ezibonakalayo. Izindwangu ezicashunwe eziphathelene nokufihlwa kwezinto nabantu ngokulingisa indawo ezungezile zangeniswa phakathi neMpi Yezwe II. Le ndlela isebenzisa imicu esiza ngokuxubana nesendlalelo, okuthile okungabonisa isizinda njengesibuko futhi kube namandla njengekhabhoni.
Le micu isetshenziswa kanye nokotini ne-polyester ukudala izindwangu ezihlanjiwe. Ekuqaleni kuphela amaphethini amabili aqukethe umbala nephethini yakhelwe ukufana nesehlakalo sehlathi eliwugqinsi elinezithunzi eziluhlaza noBrown. Kepha manje, ukuhluka okuyisikhombisa kwenzelwe ukusebenza okungcono nokukhohlisa. Kubandakanya ukuhlukaniswa kwezikhala, ukuhamba, indawo, ukwakheka, kukhanye, i-silhouette nesithunzi. Amapharamitha abucayi ekuboniseni umuntu ebangeni elide. Ukuhlolwa kwezindwangu ezifihliwe kunzima njengoba kuhluke ukukhanya kwelanga, umswakama kanye nesizini. Ngakho-ke abantu abanempumputhe yombala bayaqashwa ukuthola ukufihlakala okubukwayo. Ukuhlaziywa okuhlangene, ukuhlaziya ngobuningi nosizo lwemishini ye-elekthronikhi kuthathwa ukuhlolwa kwezinto zokwakha.
Izindwangu zokulethwa kwezidakamizwa
Intuthuko embonini yezempilo manje hlanganisa izindwangu nomuthi.
Izinto zezindwangu zingasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezidakamizwa ngokuhlinzeka ngendlela yokukhishwa kwezidakamizwa ezilawulwayo esikhathini esinqunyelwe isikhathi kanye nokuqothuka kwezidakamizwa ezihlosiwe ngaphandle kwemiphumela emibi eqondisiwe. Isibonelo, i-Ortho EVRA Transdermal yokuvimbela inzalo yokuvimbela inzalo yabesifazane ingama-20 cm ubude, iqukethe izingqimba ezintathu futhi ivunyelwe yi-US Food Food and Drug Administration.
Ukusetshenziswa kwegesi noma i-plasma yokuqedwa kwendwangu
Le nkampani yaqala ngo-1960, lapho kusetshenziswa i-plasma ukushintsha indawo yendwangu. Kuyisigaba sendaba esihlukile kuma-solids, uketshezi kanye namagesi futhi aluthathi hlangothi ngogesi. Lawa ngamagesi ama-Ionia akhiwe ngama-elektroni, ama-ion kanye nezinhlayiya ezingathathi hlangothi. I-Plasma ingugesi ngokwengxenye eyakhiwe ngohlobo olungathathi hlangothi njengama-athomu ajabulisayo, ama-radicals wamahhala, izinhlayiya ezizinzile ze-meta nezinhlobo zezinhlobo zama-compable (ama-elektroni nama-ion). Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-plasma: i-vacuum-based kanye nengcindezelo yezulu. Ingaphezulu lendwangu libhekiswa ekubhomulweni kwe-elektroni, ekhiqizwa emkhakheni kagesi we-plasma. Ama-elektroni ashaya ingaphezulu ngokusatshalaliswa okubanzi kwamandla kanye nesivinini futhi lokhu kuholela eseshini yamaketanga engxenyeni engenhla yendawo yezindwangu, ukudala ukuxhumanisa isiphambano lapho kuqiniswa lokho okuqukethwe.
Ukwelashwa kwe-plasma kuholela ekulweni noma ekuhlanzeni umphumela ekwakhekeni kwendwangu. I-etching inyusa inani lendawo engaphezulu edala ukunamathela okungcono kwezimbozo. I-Plasma ithinta okuhlosiwe futhi icacisiwe kakhulu emvelweni. Ingasetshenziswa eSilika izindwangu ezibangela ukuba kungashintshwa ezintweni ezihlosiwe zomzimba. Ama-Aramid afana noKevlar, aphelelwa amandla lapho emanzi, angalashwa ngempumelelo nge-plasma ukwedlula izindlela ezivamile. Umuntu angafaka nempahla ehlukile ohlangothini ngalunye lwendwangu. Uhlangothi olulodwa lungaba yi-hydrophobic kanye nenye i-hydrophilic. Ukwelashwa kwe-Plasma kusebenza zombili zokwenziwa kanye nemicu yemvelo ngempumelelo ethile ekulweni nokwehla kokulwa noboya.
Ngokungafani nenqubo yamakhemikhali yendabuko edinga izinyathelo eziningi zokufaka iziphetho ezahlukahlukene, i-plasma ivumela ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okusebenza okusebenzayo kusinyathelo esisodwa nangenqubo eqhubekayo. I-Woolmark inelungelo lobunikazi ubuchwepheshe bezinzwa ubuchwepheshe (SPT) ongeza iphunga lezindwangu. I-US Firm Nanohorizons 'SmartSilver iyi-technology eholayo ekuhlinzekeni nge-Anti-Odor nokuvikelwa kwe-anti-microbial kwizindwangu zemvelo nakwenziwa. Heart attack patients in the West are being cooled in an inflatable tent during operation to reduce the risk of a stroke by lowering the body temperature. Kuthuthukiswe ibhandeshi elisha lemvelo kusetshenziswa i-Plasma Protein Fibrinogen. Njengoba yenziwa ngengubo yegazi yomuntu, i-bandage akudingeki isuswe. Iyancibilika esikhunjeni ngesikhathi senqubo yokuphulukisa.15
Ubuchwepheshe bezinzwa bebonayo (SPT)
Le teknoloji ithumba amakha, ama-exion kanye neminye imiphumela kuma-micro-capsule anamathiselwe ezindwangu. Lawa ma-micro-caplule ezitsheni ezincane ezine-polymer coating coating noma igobolondo le-melamine eliqapha okuqukethwe kusuka ekuhwamusweni, oxidation kanye nokungcola. Lapho kusetshenziswa lezi zindwangu, ezinye zalezi capsule zivuleke, zikhipha okuqukethwe.
I-MicroencapAption
Kuyinqubo elula equkethe ukuvama uketshezi noma izinto eziqinile ezihlotshiswe ama-micro (ama-microns ayi-0,5-2,000). Lawa ma-microcapsops akhulula kancane kancane ama-ejenti asebenzayo ngokuhlikihla okulula okwenziwe ngomshini okuqhubekela phambili ulwelwesi. Lokhu kusetshenziswa eDedorants, ama-lotion, amadayi, amathambi endwangu kanye nezingubo zokuvutha amalangabi.
Izindwangu ze-elekthronikhi
I-elekthronikhi egqoke kahle njengejazi le-ICD kusuka kumaPhilips nakwaLevi, ngomakhalekhukhwini owakhelwe ngaphakathi kanye nesidlali se-MP3, gijima amabhethri. Ingubo eshumekezwe ngobuchwepheshe akuyona into entsha, kepha intuthuko eqhubekayo ezitsheni ezihlakaniphile ibenza bakwenzeke, kube khona okufiseleka futhi kube ngokoqobo kuhlelo lokusebenza. Izintambo zithungwa kwindwangu ukuxhuma amadivaysi ekulawulweni okukude kanye nemakrofoni kufakwe ku-collar. Abanye abakhiqizi abaningi kamuva bakhuphuka nezindwangu ezihlakaniphile ezifihla zonke izintambo.
Ihembe lebanga elide lalingesinye futhi okusha okusha okusha. Lo mqondo wendwangu we-e-Texle usebenza ngendlela yokuthi lapho umuntu azivalela i-t-shirt. Kwamakwa njengolunye lwezinqolobane ezithokozisayo ngonyaka we-2006. Kunika umgqomo umuzwa wokuvalwa.
Lapho ukwanga kuthunyelwa njengomlayezo noma nge-Bluetooth, izinzwa ziyesabela ngokwakha imfudumalo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ingcindezi, isikhathi sokugoba ngumuntu obonakalayo engokoqobo. Lehembe futhi liyageza elenza lithule ngokwengeziwe ukunganaki. Okunye ukusungulwa, i-ElextExyEx iqukethe ukugcwala kwezingqimba ezinhlanu zokwenza kanye nokufaka izindwangu ezifaka izindwangu zokwakha inzwa yonke yendwangu (1 cm2 noma 1 mm2). Kungase kuthungwe, kugoqwe futhi kugezwe.19-24 Zonke lezi zisize ziqonde indlela i-Electronics nezindwangu zingahlanganiswa kanjani ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yempilo.
Le ndatshana ayihlelwanga ngabasebenzi be-Xianggsu Garment It yathuthuka kusuka ku-https: //www.technicaltentexte.net/artnecles/rech-textle-8356
Isikhathi sePosi: Jul-11-2022