Kusukela ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba, kube nezinsuku ezimbalwa zilandelana zemibhikisho yabasebenzi embonini yendwangu befuna ukukhushulwa kwamaholo okukhulu enhlokodolobha nasezindaweni eziyinhloko zezimboni zase-Bangladesh.Lokhu kuthambekela kuphinde kwavusa izingxoxo mayelana nokuthembela okuphezulu kwemboni yezingubo isikhathi eside ekuqashweni okushibhile.
Isizinda salo lonke udaba ukuthi njengezwe elithumela izindwangu lesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni ngemva kweShayina, i-Bangladesh inezimboni zezingubo ezilinganiselwa ku-3500 futhi iqashe cishe abasebenzi abayizigidi ezine.Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zemikhiqizo eyaziwa emhlabeni wonke, abasebenzi bendwangu ngokuvamile badinga ukusebenza isikhathi esengeziwe, kodwa umholo omncane abangawuthola ngu-8300 Bangladesh Taka kuphela ngenyanga, okungaba ngu-550 RMB noma amadola angama-75 ase-US.
Okungenani amafekthri angu-300 avaliwe
Njengoba bebhekene nokwehla kwamandla emali okuqhubekayo okucishe kube ngu-10% onyakeni odlule, abasebenzi bezindwangu e-Bangladesh baxoxa ngezindinganiso ezintsha zamaholo amancane nezinhlangano zabanikazi bamabhizinisi bemboni yendwangu.Isidingo sakamuva esivela kubasebenzi siwukuba cishe kathathu izinga eliphansi lomholo ku-20390 Taka, kodwa abanikazi bamabhizinisi baye bahlongoza kuphela ukunyuka kwe-25% kuya ku-10400 Taka, okwenza isimo sibe nzima nakakhulu.
Amaphoyisa athi okungenani amafekthri angu-300 avalwe kulo mbhikisho owathatha isonto lonke.Kuze kube manje, le mibhikisho iholele ekushoneni kwabasebenzi ababili kwalimala inqwaba.
Umholi wenyunyana yabasebenzi bezimpahla zokugqoka uthe ngoLwesihlanu olwedlule i-Levi's ne-H&M yimikhiqizo yezimpahla ehamba phambili emhlabeni wonke eye yamiswa ukukhiqiza e-Bangladesh.
Inqwaba yamafekthri antshontshelwe izisebenzi ezitelekile, kanti amakhulu engeziwe avaliwe ngabanikazi bemizi ukuze kugwenywe umonakalo wamabomu.UKalpona Akter, uSihlalo we-Bangladesh Federation of Clothing and Industrial Workers (BGIWF), utshele i-Agence France Presse ukuthi amafekthri anqanyuliwe ahlanganisa "amafekthri amaningi amakhulu ezweni akhiqiza izingubo zokugqoka cishe zonke izinhlobo nezitolo ezinkulu zaseNtshonalanga".
Ubuye wengeza wathi: “Amabhrendi ahlanganisa iGap, Wal Mart, H&M, Zara, Inditex, Bestseller, Levi’s, Marks and Spencer, Primary kanye ne-Aldi.
Umkhulumeli we-Primark uthe umthengisi wemfashini osheshayo oseDublin "akekaze ahlangabezane nokuphazamiseka emakethe yethu".
Umkhulumeli wengeze wathi, "Sisaxhumana nabahlinzeki bethu, abanye babo abavale izimboni zabo okwesikhashana ngalesi sikhathi."Abakhiqizi abalimale kulo mcimbi abafuni ukudalula amagama emikhiqizo ababambisene nawo, besaba ukulahlekelwa ama-oda omthengi.
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwabasebenzi nokuphatha
Ephendula isimo esishubile esishubile, uFaruque Hassan, usihlalo weBangladesh Garment Manufacturers and Exporters Association (BGMEA), naye wakhala ngesimo salo mkhakha: ukuxhasa isidingo sokunyuswa kwamaholo kwabasebenzi baseBangladeshi kusho ukuthi izinhlobo zezingubo zaseNtshonalanga zidinga anyuse amanani entengo yawo.Nakuba lezi zinhlobo zemikhiqizo zithi zisekela ukukhushulwa kwamaholo abasebenzi, empeleni, zisongela ukudlulisela ama-oda kwamanye amazwe lapho izindleko zikhuphuka.
Ekupheleni kukaSepthemba kulo nyaka, u-Hassan wabhalela i-American Apparel and Footwear Association, enethemba lokuthi bazovela futhi banxenxe izinkampani ezinkulu ukuthi zinyuse amanani entengo yezimpahla zokugqoka.Ubhale encwadini, “Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze kube nenguquko eshelelayo emazingeni amasha amaholo.Amafekthri ase-Bangladesh abhekene nesimo sesidingo esibuthakathaka emhlabeni jikelele futhi asesimweni esibi 'njengesimo'
Njengamanje, i-Bangladesh Minimum Wage Commission ixhumanisa nazo zonke izinhlangothi ezithintekayo, futhi izingcaphuno ezivela kubanikazi bamabhizinisi nazo zibhekwa "njengezingenakwenzeka" nguhulumeni.Kepha abanikazi befektri baphinde baphikisane nokuthi uma imfuneko encane yomholo wabasebenzi idlula i-20000 Taka ifinyelelwa, i-Bangladesh izolahlekelwa inzuzo yayo yokuncintisana.
Njengemodeli yebhizinisi yemboni "yemfashini esheshayo", amabhrendi amakhulu ancintisana ukuze anikeze abathengi isisekelo senani eliphansi, esisekelwe emalini ephansi yabasebenzi emazweni ase-Asia athumela ngaphandle.Amabhrendi azocindezela izimboni ukuthi zinikeze amanani aphansi, azobonakala emaholweni ezisebenzi ekugcineni.Njengelinye lamazwe amakhulu emhlabeni athumela izindwangu kwamanye amazwe, iBangladesh, enamaholo aphansi abasebenzi, ibhekene nokuqubuka okuphelele kokungqubuzana.
Zisabela kanjani imidondoshiya yaseNtshonalanga?
Ngokubhekana nezidingo zabasebenzi bezindwangu base-Bangladeshi, ezinye izinhlobo zemikhiqizo ezaziwayo nazo zenze izimpendulo ezisemthethweni.
Okhulumela i-H&M uthe inkampani iyakweseka ukwethulwa kweholo elincane elizobhekana nezindleko zokuphila zabasebenzi nemindeni yabo.Umkhulumeli wenqabile ukuphawula ngokuthi i-H&M izonyusa amanani entengo ukuze isekele ukukhushulwa kwamaholo, kodwa waveza ukuthi inkampani inendlela yokuthenga izinto evumela ukuthi izitshalo ezicubungulayo zinyuse amanani ukuze zibonise ukwenyuka kwamaholo.
Umkhulumeli wenkampani yabazali bakaZara, i-Inditex, uthe inkampani isanda kukhipha isitatimende esidlangalaleni ithembisa ukweseka abasebenzi embonini yayo yokuhlinzeka ngosizo ekuhlangabezaneni namaholo abo okuziphilisa.
Ngokwemibhalo ehlinzekwe yi-H&M, cishe kunabasebenzi base-Bangladeshi abayizi-600000 kulo lonke uchungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwe-H&M ngo-2022, ngomholo omaphakathi wenyanga ongu-$134, ongaphezu kakhulu kwesilinganiso esincane e-Bangladesh.Kodwa-ke, uma kuqhathaniswa nendawo evundlile, abasebenzi baseCambodian ochungechungeni lokuhlinzekwa kwe-H&M bangathola isilinganiso sama- $293 ngenyanga.Ngokombono we-GDP yomuntu ngamunye, i-Bangladesh iphakeme kakhulu kune-Cambodia.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaholo e-H&M kubasebenzi base-India aphakeme kancane ngo-10% kunawabasebenzi base-Bangladeshi, kodwa i-H&M iphinde ithenge izingubo eziningi kakhulu e-Bangladesh kunase-India nase-Cambodia.
I-Puma yezicathulo nezingubo zaseJalimane iphinde yasho embikweni wayo wonyaka wezi-2022 ukuthi iholo elikhokhelwa abasebenzi base-Bangladeshi liphakeme kakhulu kunesilinganiso esincane esilinganiselwe, kodwa le nombolo ingamaphesenti angama-70 kuphela "wesilinganiso somholo wendawo" ochazwa izinhlangano zezinkampani zangaphandle ( isilinganiso lapho amaholo anele ukunikeza abasebenzi izinga lokuphila elihloniphekile bona nemindeni yabo).Abasebenzi abasebenzela iPuma eCambodia naseVietnam bathola imali ehlangabezana nesilinganiso samaholo okuphila asendaweni.
I-Puma iphinde yasho esitatimendeni ukuthi kubaluleke kakhulu ukubhekana ngodaba lwamaholo, njengoba le nselelo ayikwazi ukuxazululwa yi-brand eyodwa.I-Puma iphinde yathi abahlinzeki abaningi abakhulu e-Bangladesh banezinqubomgomo zokuqinisekisa ukuthi imali engenayo yabasebenzi ihlangabezana nezidingo zasendlini, kodwa inkampani "isenezinto eziningi okufanele inake" ukuze ihumushele izinqubomgomo zayo ukuze zenze ezinye izinyathelo.
Imboni yezimpahla zokugqoka yase-Bangladesh ibe “nomlando omnyama” omningi ekuthuthukisweni kwayo.Okwaziwa kakhulu ukubhidlika kwebhilidi elisesifundeni saseSava ngo-2013, lapho amafemu amaningi ezingubo aqhubeka efuna abasebenzi ukuthi basebenze ngemuva kokuthola isexwayiso sikahulumeni “ngokuqhekeka kwebhilidi” wabatshela ukuthi azikho izinkinga zokuphepha. .Lesi sigameko sagcina siholele ekufeni kwabantu abayi-1134 futhi sagqugquzela izinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe ukuthi zigxile ekuthuthukiseni indawo yokusebenza yendawo kuyilapho zijabulela amanani aphansi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-15-2023