Kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba, kube nezinsuku eziningi ezilandelanayo zemibhikisho ngabasebenzi embonini yezindwangu efuna ukukhuphuka kwamaholo okubalulekile enhlokodolobha kanye nezindawo ezisebenza ngezimboni zeBangladesh. Lo mkhuba uphinde waveza izingxoxo mayelana nokuthembela okuphezulu kwemboni yezembatho yezezingubo zomsebenzi oshibhile.
Isizinda salo lonke udaba yilokho ethumela umbhalo wesibili we-Textile Wesibili Emhlabeni ngemuva kweChina, iBangladesh inamafektri angama-3500 wokugqoka futhi isebenzisa cishe izisebenzi ezi-4. Ukuze uhlangabezane nezidingo zemikhiqizo eyaziwayo emhlabeni wonke, abasebenzi bezindwangu bavame ukudinga ukusebenza isikhathi esengeziwe, kepha umholo omncane abangawathola yi-8300 Bangladesh TakA / ngenyanga, okungu-750 RMB noma ama-75 RMB noma ama-75 we-US Dollars noma ama-75
Okungenani amafektri angama-300 avaliwe
Ubhekene nokukhuphuka kwamanani okuvuselelwa cishe kwe-10% ngonyaka owedlule, abasebenzi bezindwangu eBangladesh baxoxa ngezindinganiso ezintsha zeholo ezinobudlelwano bezimboni zezimboni. Isidingo sakamuva esivela kubasebenzi sicishe sibe sesilinganiselwe esilinganiselwe esilinganiselwe esilinganiselwe ku-20390 Taka, kepha abanikazi bebhizinisi bahlongoze kuphela ukukhuphuka okungama-25% ku-10400 taka, okwenza lesi simo sibe nzima kakhulu.
Amaphoyisa athi okungenani amafektri angama-300 avalwa ngesikhathi sokubonakaliswa kwesonto. Kuze kube manje, imibhikisho iholele ekufeni kwabasebenzi ababili kanye nokulimala okuningi.
Umholi wezinyunyana zabasebenzi uchaze uLwesihlanu olwedlule ukuthi uLevi nama-H & M ayimikhiqizo ephezulu yezingubo zomhlaba wonke eziye zathola imivimbo yokukhiqiza eBangistan.
Amafektri amaningi aphangwe ngabasebenzi abashayayo, futhi amakhulu amaningi avalwe ngabanini bamakhaya ukugwema ukulimala ngenhloso. U-Kalpona Akter, ongusihlalo we-Bangladesh Federation of Clothing Clogel and Industrial Workers (BGIWF), utshele i-Agence France ukuthi amafektri asusiwe afaka "amafektri amakhulu akhiqizwayo akhiqiza izingubo ezinkulu zaseNtshonalanga".
Ungeze wathi: "Imikhiqizo ifaka igebe, uWal Mart, i-H & M, iZara, i-Inditex, amamaki kanye noSpencer, okuyinhloko ne-Aldi."
Umkhulumeli wePrimark wathi i-Dublin based Fafie Fashion Realer "ayikaze ihlangabezane nokuphazamiseka kwethempeli lethu".
Lowo okhulumela lo mkhulumeli, "Sisaxhumana nabahlinzeki bethu, abanye babo abavale okwesikhashana amafektri abo ngalesi sikhathi." Abakhiqizi abanenkinga yokulimazeka kulo mcimbi abafuni ukudalula amagama omkhiqizo abasebenzisana nabo, wesaba ukulahlekelwa ama-oda womthengi.
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwabasebenzi nabaphathi
Ephendula isimo esinamandla ngokwengeziwe, uFaruque Hassan, usihlalo we-Bangladesh Garment Association and avers Association (BGMMEA), ulethe isimo sokwanda komholo okunjalo: Yize le mikhiqizo ifuna obala ukusekela amaholo wabasebenzi, empeleni, basongela ukudlulisa ama-oda kwamanye amazwe lapho izindleko zikhuphuka.
Ekupheleni kukaSepthemba kulo nyaka, uHassan wabhalela inhlangano ye-American Apparel kanye nezicathulo, ngethemba lokuthi bazofika phambili futhi bancelise imikhiqizo emikhulu ukuthi bandise amanani entengo yemiyalo yezingubo. Wabhala encwadini ethi, "Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekushintsheni okubushelelezi kumazinga amasha weholo. Amafektri kaBangladesh abhekene nesimo sokufunwa komhlaba wonke futhi asebusuku 'nesimo'
Njengamanje, iBangladesh Uniung Wage Commission iyaxhumanisa nawo wonke amaqembu ahilelekile, futhi izingcaphuno zabanikazi bebhizinisi nazo zibhekwa "ukungasebenzi" nguhulumeni. Kepha abanikazi befektri baphinde bathi uma isidingo esincane samaholo sabasebenzi sidlula u-20000 Ta Tat, iBangladesh izolahlekelwa yinzuzo yayo yokuncintisana.
Njengemodeli yebhizinisi "yemfashini esheshayo", imikhiqizo emikhulu incintisana ukuhlinzeka abathengi ngentengo ephansi yentengo, igxile emholweni ophansi wabasebenzi emazweni athumela ama-Asia. Imikhiqizo izocindezela amafektri ukunikela ngamanani aphansi, azoboniswa ekugcineni kweholo labasebenzi. Njengelinye lamazwe amakhulu okuthumela impahla emhlabeni, iBangladesh, neholo eliphansi kakhulu labasebenzi, libhekene nokuqubuka okugcwele kokuphikisana.
Aphendula Kanjani AmaGiants aseNtshonalanga?
Ebhekene nezidingo zabasebenzi bezindwangu zeBangladeshi, eminye imikhiqizo eyaziwayo nayo yenze izimpendulo ezisemthethweni.
Umkhulumeli we-H & M uthe inkampani isekela ukwethulwa komholo omusha omncane ukumboza izindleko zokuphila zabasebenzi nemindeni yabo. Lowo okhulumela inkampani anqabile ukuphawula ngokuthi i-H & M izokwenyusa amanani entengo ukuxhasa ukwanda kwamaholo, kepha kuboniswe ukuthi inkampani inomshini wokuzilolonga wokuthengwa kwezimali okuvumela izitshalo ukukhombisa ukwanda kwamaholo.
Umkhulumeli weZara Parent Company Indiax Indityx wathi inkampani isanda kukhipha isitatimende esesidlangalaleni esithembisa ukuxhasa abasebenzi ekutholeni amatheyini atholakalayo.
Ngokusho kwemibhalo enikezwe yi-H & M, kukhona abasebenzi abacishe babe ngu-600000 Bangladeshi kuyo yonke i-H & M Supply Chain ngo-2022, enomholo ophakathi kwanyanga zonke we- $ 134, ngaphezulu kwe-Bangladesh. Kodwa-ke, uma kuqhathaniswa ngokuqondile, abasebenzi baseCambodian ku-H & M Supply Chain bangathola isilinganiso sama- $ 293 ngenyanga. Ngokombono we-capita GDP ngayinye, iBangladesh iphakeme kakhulu kuneCambodia.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkokhelo ka-H & M kubasebenzi baseNdiya iphakeme kancane kune-10% abasebenzi be-bangladeshi, kepha i-H & M nayo iphinde ithenge izingubo eziningi ezivela eBangladesh kunokuqhamuka e-India naseCambodia.
Isicucu saseJalimane kanye noBrand Brand Brand uPuma futhi okukhulunywe ngaye embikweni yayo yonyaka engama-2022 ethi iholo elikhokhelwa abasebenzi baseBangladeshi liphakeme kakhulu kunokuba benziwe amabhentshi aphansi (i-benchmark yendawo "echazwe amaholo anele ukuhlinzeka ngezinga elithile lokuphila kanye nemindeni yabo). Abasebenzi abasebenzela uPuma eCambodia naseVietnam bathola imali engenayo ehlangabezana nebhentshi leholo lendawo.
UPuma uphinde wathi esitatimendeni sokuthi kubaluleke kakhulu ekubhekaneni nokwakheka kweholo, njengoba le nselelo ingenakuxazululwa ngumkhiqizo owodwa. UPuma uphinde waveza ukuthi abahlinzeki abaningi abakhulu eBangladesh banezinqubomgomo zokuqinisekisa ukuthi imali engenayo yabasebenzi ihlangabezana nezidingo zasendlini, kepha inkampani ikhona "izinto eziningi zokuthi inaka" izinqubomgomo zayo ziye ezenzweni ezengeziwe
Imboni yezingubo zikaBangladesh ibinomlando omningi "omnyama" kwinqubo yayo yokuthuthuka. Umuntu owaziwa kakhulu ukuwa kwesakhiwo esifundeni se-sava ngonyaka ka-2013, lapho amafomu amaningi wezifo zezingubo aqhubeka nokufuna ukuthi abasebenzi basebenze ngemuva kokuthola izixwayiso zikahulumeni "futhi babatshela ukuthi azikho izingqinamba zokuphepha. Lesi sehlakalo ekugcineni saba nomphumela ekufeni kwabe-1134 futhi bakhuthaza imikhiqizo yamazwe omhlaba ukuthi bagxile ekuthuthukiseni imvelo yomsebenzi wendawo ngenkathi bejabulela amanani aphansi.
Isikhathi sePosi: Nov-15-2023