Selokhu kwaqala ukusebenza ngokusemthethweni kanye nokuqaliswa kweSivumelwano Sokusebenzisana Kwezomnotho Esibanzi (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement) (RCEP), ikakhulukazi kusukela siqala ukusebenza ngokugcwele emazweni ayi-15 asayinile ngoNhlangulana walo nyaka, i-China ibheka ukubaluleka okukhulu futhi ikukhuthaze ngamandla ukuqaliswa kwe-RCEP.Lokhu akuthuthukisi nje kuphela ukubambisana ekuhwebeni kwezimpahla kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali phakathi kozakwethu be-China kanye ne-RCEP, kodwa futhi kudlala indima enhle ekusimamiseni ukutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe, ukuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe, kanye neketango.
Njengesivumelwano somhlaba esinabantu abaningi, esikhulu kunazo zonke sezomnotho nezohwebo esinamandla amakhulu okuthuthuka, ukuqaliswa okusebenzayo kwe-RCEP kulethe amathuba abalulekile entuthuko ye-China.Ibhekene nesimo samazwe ngamazwe esiyinkimbinkimbi nesinzima, i-RCEP inikeze ukwesekwa okuqinile kweChina ukuze yakhe iphethini entsha yezinga eliphezulu yokuvula amathuba emazweni angaphandle, kanye namabhizinisi ukwandisa izimakethe zamazwe angaphandle, ukwandisa amathuba okuhweba, ukuthuthukisa indawo yebhizinisi, kanye nokunciphisa izindleko zokuhweba zomkhiqizo ezimaphakathi kanye nezokugcina.
Ngokombono wokuhweba ngezimpahla, i-RCEP isiphenduke amandla abalulekile aqhuba ukukhula kohwebo lwangaphandle lwaseShayina.Ngo-2022, ukukhula kwezohwebo kwe-China nabalingani be-RCEP kwaba negalelo elingama-28.8% ekukhuleni kohwebo lwangaphandle ngalowo nyaka, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kozakwethu be-RCEP kwaba negalelo elingama-50.8% ekukhuleni kohwebo lwangaphandle ngalowo nyaka.Ngaphezu kwalokho, izifunda ezimaphakathi nentshonalanga zibonise ukukhula okunamandla.Ngonyaka odlule, izinga lokukhula kohwebo lwezimpahla phakathi kwesifunda esimaphakathi nabalingani be-RCEP lalingaphezulu ngamaphesenti angu-13.8 kunalelo lesifunda esisempumalanga, okubonisa indima ebalulekile yokuthuthukisa ye-RCEP ekuthuthukisweni okuhlelekile komnotho wesifunda saseShayina.
Ngokombono wokubambisana kokutshalwa kwezimali, i-RCEP isiphenduke usekelo olubalulekile lokusimamisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe e-China.Ngo-2022, ukusetshenziswa kwangempela kweShayina kokutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe okuvela kozakwethu be-RCEP kwafinyelela ku-23.53 billion wamadola aseMelika, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngo-24.8%, okungaphezulu kakhulu kwezinga lokukhula elingu-9% lokutshalwa kwezimali komhlaba e-China.Izinga lomnikelo wesifunda se-RCEP ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela kwe-China ekukhuleni kokutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe lifinyelele ku-29.9%, okuwukunyuka ngamaphesenti angu-17.7 uma kuqhathaniswa no-2021. Isifunda se-RCEP siphinde sibe indawo eshisayo kumabhizinisi aseShayina ukuthi atshale imali phesheya.Ngo-2022, ukutshalwa kwezimali okuqondile kwaseShayina okungeyona eyezimali kozakwethu be-RCEP bekungamadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-17.96, okuwukunyuka okuphelele okungaba yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-2.5 zamadola aseMelika uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka owandulele, ukukhuphuka konyaka nonyaka ngo-18.9%, okubalelwa ku-15.4% Ukutshalwa kwezimali okuqondile kwangaphandle kwaseShayina okungezona ezemali, okukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angu-5 uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule.
I-RCEP iphinde idlale indima ebalulekile ekusimamiseni nasekulungiseni amaketango.I-RCEP ikhuthaze ukubambisana phakathi kwamazwe ase-China namazwe ase-ASEAN anjengeVietnam neMalaysia, kanye namalungu anjengeJapan neNingizimu Korea emikhakheni ehlukahlukene efana nemikhiqizo kagesi, imikhiqizo emisha yamandla, izimoto, izindwangu, njll. Senze ukusebenzisana okuhle phakathi ezohwebo kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali, futhi yadlala indima enhle ekusimamiseni nasekuqiniseni amaketanga ezimboni kanye nokuhlinzeka ngempahla yaseShayina.Ngo-2022, ukuhweba kwezimpahla okuphakathi kwaseShayina esifundeni se-RCEP kwafinyelela ku-1.3 trillion US dollars, okubalelwa ku-64.9% wohwebo lwesifunda ne-RCEP kanye nama-33.8% ohwebo lwempahla olumaphakathi emhlabeni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imithetho efana ne-RCEP e-commerce kanye nokwenza lula ukuhweba ihlinzeka ngendawo yokuthuthukiswa evumayo ukuze i-China yandise ukubambisana komnotho wedijithali nabalingani be-RCEP.I-e-commerce ewela umngcele isiphenduke imodeli entsha ebalulekile yohwebo phakathi kozakwethu be-China kanye ne-RCEP, okwenza isigxobo esisha sokukhula kwezohwebo lwesifunda kanye nokwandisa inhlalakahle yabathengi.
Ngesikhathi soMbukiso wama-20 wase-China ASEAN, Isikhungo Sokucwaninga Somnyango Wezohwebo sikhiphe “Umbiko We-RCEP Wokusebenza Ngokusebenza Kwesifunda Nokuthuthukiswa Kwamathemba ka-2023”, wathi selokhu kwaqaliswa i-RCEP, ubudlelwano bokubambisana kochungechunge lwezimboni kanye nochungechunge lokuhlinzeka phakathi kwamalungu bubonise ukuthi buqinile. ukuqina, ukukhuthaza ukubambisana kwezomnotho nezokuhwebelana kwesifunda kanye nokukhululwa kokuqala kwezinzuzo zokukhula komnotho.Akugcinanga ngokuthi i-ASEAN namanye amalungu e-RCEP ahlomule ngokuphawulekayo, kodwa futhi abe nemiphumela emihle ye-spillover nemiboniso, Ukuba yinto evumayo eqhuba ukuhweba komhlaba wonke nokukhula kokutshalwa kwezimali ngaphansi kwezinkinga eziningi.
Njengamanje, ukuthuthukiswa komnotho emhlabeni jikelele kubhekene nengcindezi enkulu yokwehla, futhi ukuqina kwezingozi zezwe kanye nokungaqiniseki ezindaweni ezizungezile kubangela izinselele ezinkulu ekusebenzisaneni kwesifunda.Nokho, ukuthambekela kokukhula okuphelele komnotho wesifunda se-RCEP kusalokhu kukuhle, futhi kusenamandla amakhulu okukhula esikhathini esizayo.Wonke amalungu kudingeka aphathe ngokuhlanganyela futhi asebenzise inkundla yokubambisana evulekile ye-RCEP, akhiphe ngokugcwele izinzuzo zokuvuleka kwe-RCEP, futhi enze umnikelo omkhulu ekukhuleni komnotho wesifunda.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-16-2023